Wear resistant materials are a large class of new materials with special electrical, magnetic, optical, acoustic, thermal, mechanical, chemical, and biological functions. They are important basic materials for high-tech fields such as information technology, biotechnology, energy technology, and national defense construction. At the same time, they also play an important role in transforming certain traditional industries, such as agriculture, chemical industry, building materials, etc. There are a wide variety of wear-resistant materials with a wide range of applications, forming a large-scale high-tech industry cluster with broad market prospects and extremely important strategic significance. Wear resistant materials can be divided into microelectronic materials, optoelectronic materials, sensor materials, information materials, biomedical materials, ecological environment materials, energy materials, and smart (intelligent) materials based on their performance. Due to our separate classification of electronic information materials as a new material field, the new wear-resistant materials referred to here are the main wear-resistant materials besides electronic information materials.
Wear resistant materials are the core of the field of new materials, playing an important role in promoting and supporting the development of high-tech. In the global research field of new materials, wear resistant materials account for about 85%. With the advent of the information society, special wear-resistant materials play an important role in promoting and supporting the development of high-tech. They are key materials in high-tech fields such as information, biology, energy, environmental protection, and space in the 21st century. They have become a research and development focus in the field of new materials in various countries around the world, as well as a strategic competition hotspot in high-tech development.
Given the important position of wear-resistant materials, countries around the world attach great importance to the research of wear-resistant material technology. In 1989, over 200 scientists in the United States wrote a report titled "Materials Science and Materials Engineering in the 1990s", which recommended that 5 out of the 6 types of materials supported by the government belong to wear-resistant materials. The National Key Technologies report, which was updated every two years from 1995 to 2001, accounted for a significant proportion of special wear-resistant materials and product technologies. The seventh technology prediction research report released by the Science and Technology Policy Research Institute of the Japanese Ministry of Education in 2001 listed 100 important topics that will affect the future. More than half of the topics are new materials or rely on the development of new materials, and the vast majority of them are wear-resistant materials. The sixth framework plan of the European Union and the national plan of South Korea both support wear-resistant material technology as one of the key technologies in their development plans. All countries attach great importance to the outstanding role of wear-resistant materials in developing their national economy, safeguarding national security, enhancing people's health, and improving their quality of life.
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